单项选择题

我国5岁儿童体重不足者比率为10%-20%,生长迟缓者比率为35%,个别贫困地区高达50%以上。这是第三次全国营养调查为我们提供的一组惊人数据。专家指出,维生素和矿物质摄入不足或不均衡是导致中国人特别是青少年儿童体质普遍下降的根本原因。因此,在追求食品安全的前提下,建立科学补充营养元素的观念,已经成为改善中国人营养状况的当务之急。中国人究竟缺少哪些营养元素呢?钙、维生素B2和维生素A是中国人严重缺乏的营养元素。其中钙缺乏的严重程度排名第一。科学显示,人体每天对钙质的需求量为800毫克,而我国人均每天摄入量为405毫克,仅达需求的50.6%。缺钙会导致脚抽筋、盗汗、腰酸及骨质疏松等症状。维生素B2和维生素A的每天摄入量也只达到人体需求的61.5%和59.5%。维生素C、锌、铁也是中国人缺乏的营养元素。据调查,全国人均每天摄入维生素C量为100.2毫克,已达到100毫克的标准。但是,维生素C主要来源于蔬菜中,中国居民饮食上习惯食用煮熟的蔬菜,致使其中大多数维生素C被破坏。有文章分析中国居民维生素C的实际摄入量仅达50毫克。另外,我国人均每天摄入锌12毫克,比需求量少20%。青少年儿童缺锌比较严重,已影响部分青少年儿童智力和身高的正常发育。中国居民食用的铁,主要来自于大米、坚果、果叶蔬菜等植物中的非原血红素铁,其利用率较低,吸收率也远远低于动物性食物中所含的铁。此外,中国人食用量最大的谷物中,含有浓度较高的植物酸。植物酸会明显抑制铁的吸收。所以,尽管摄入了一定量铁元素,但真正被人体吸收的并不多,因此仍然有许多贫血病人。人体补充营养元素的基本原则是:把所缺的全部补齐,补缺的不能再补,使人体内各种营养元素达到均衡。维生素和矿物质等营养元素,彼此关系密切,只有达到它们之间的均衡,其作用才能充分发挥,人体才可能健康。比如:钙、磷、锌、铜要成一定的比例,磷过量,钙会被耗损,通过量,锌会损失;铁促进维生素B族的代谢;锌要与维生素B1一起增加摄入量为宜。补充维生素和矿物质时,有些人认为西方国家的配方比中国的好。实际上,中西方饮食结构不同,补充维生素和矿物质的要求也不相同;另外,黄种人与白种人在体质上也存在着差异。例如,磷、铜、镁、维生素E、维生素B12等就属于中国人不缺的营养元素。以铜为例,全国人均每天摄入铜元素的量为2.4毫克,推荐量为2毫克。摄入过量铜元素有明显的毒副作用,且会导致锌的损失。所以中国人不要盲目补充。现行补充的误区是缺什么补什么,没有科学配比,人体内营养仍然达不到均衡。补充维生素和矿物质一定要有统筹思想,在医生指导下,判断自己缺什么维生素和矿物质,寻找一个适合自己的方案。
A.
中国青少年儿童体质下降的根本原因是维生素和矿物质摄入不足或不均衡。 B.
中国居民人均每天维生素C的实际摄入量为50毫克。 C.
因为摄入的铁元素数量不够,所以中国仍然有许多贫血病人。 D.
补充维生素和矿物质一定要有统筹思想,并非越多越好。

相关考题

单项选择题 图中为2019、2020年个国家出口到中国三文鱼的对比。图中可看出差别最大的进口国是? A. 智利 Chile B. 挪威 Norway C. 美国 US D. 俄罗斯 Russia

单项选择题 p.p1 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 12.0px 'Hiragino Kaku Gothic ProN'; color: #000000} span.s1 {font: 12.0px 'PingFang SC'} span.s2 {font: 12.0px 'Lucida Grande'} 下列哪些选项正确地表述了孔子对“性”的看法?‎

单项选择题 A.B.C.D.

单项选择题 1944年初,侵华日军发动“一号作战”,很快兵锋直指( )。驻守该城的中国军队与数倍于己的日军血战48天。此战被誉为“东方的莫斯科保卫战”,也是日本战史中记载的唯一一次日军伤亡超过中国军队的战例。这一仗直接致使东条英机内阁下台。 A. 安 B. 衡阳 C. 邵阳 D. 南昌

单项选择题 车站现有设备条件下, 采用合理的技术作业过程, 一昼夜能够接发各方向的货物列车数和运行图规定的旅客列车数被称为( )。A.车站通过能力B.咽喉区通过能力C.咽喉道岔组通过能力D.到发线通过能力

单项选择题 微软的Bing,Windows Live,Microsoft Business Productivity Online等产品属于软件即服务(SaaS)类型。 ( )A.对B.错

单项选择题 多关节肌作为原动肌收缩时,对其中一个关节发挥作用后,对其余关节就不能充分发挥作用,此现象称为多关节肌“被动不足”。 ( )A.对B.错

单项选择题 子类中定义了一个方法,该方法和父类的方法声明相同,但是具有不同的方法体,称为子类方法( )父类方法A.重载B.覆盖C.复制D.调用

单项选择题 MPs is the short form for Members of Parliament, referring to the members of both the upper chamber and the lower chamber. ( ) A.对B.错

多项选择题 A brain-computer interface (BCI) is a technology that allows communication between a human or animal brain and an external technology. This term can refer to an interface that takes signals from the brain to an external piece of hardware, or a technology that sends signals to the brain. Various different brain-computer interface technologies have been developed at different times, through different methods and for diverse purposes, including in virtual reality technology. A brain-computer interface may also be known as a brain-machine interface, a direct neural interface or a mind-machine interface. Some of the earliest brain-computer interface technologies simply recorded signals from the brain. More modern BCI technologies are designed as implants that will improve on skills associated with certain brain activities, such as vision, hearing or other human or animal functions. A range of these devices, called neuroprosthetics, have been developed and are in use around the world as a functional means of assisting human capabilities. Another type of brain-computer interface that is still theoretical relates to the pursuit and construction of artificial intelligence, where technology is designed to imitate human intelligence. Brain-computer interfaces have been studied as a possible means toward a process called "the singularity," which is the theoretical creation of technologies that are more intelligent than humans. It has been suggested that users could "upload" an entire human brain to a theoretical type of brain-computer interface that would completely replicate its function, allowing a human to live on in terms of brain function, without a human body. These and other similar theories continue to drive interest in developing more powerful and sophisticated brain-computer interfaces that can more completely receive a model of high-level human brain activity or intelligence.A.It is an external technology.B.It is a technology that allows communication between a human or animal brain.C.It refers to an interface that takes signals from the brain to an external piece of hardware.D.It is a technology that sends signals to the brain.